Are drugs classified by their chemical properties?
Drugs are typically classified by their chemical structure, mechanism of action, therapeutic effects, and/or potential for abuse.
Although, many drugs fit into more than one category, they are commonly classified by therapeutic indication (for example, cardiovascular drugs for use in treating conditions such as hypertension, congestive heart failure, and cardiac arrhythmias). Classification of drugs and drug classes is a complicated subjected.
The chemical structure of a drug influences its physicochemical properties, and the physicochemical properties of a drug molecule [23], such as MW, lipophilicity, aqueous solubility (S), permeability, acid-base ionization constant (pKa), HBD and HBA, ROT and PSA, can be changed by modifying its structure.
Drugs are classified based on chemical structure, drug action, pharmacologic effect, molecular target, and therapeutic parameters.
There are several ways to classify drugs, including by chemical similarities, effects on the mind and body, and legal definitions.
- Schedule I — drugs with a high abuse risk. These drugs have NO safe, accepted medical use in the United States. ...
- Schedule II — drugs with a high abuse risk, but also have safe and accepted medical uses in the United States. ...
- Schedule III, IV, or V — drugs with an abuse risk less than Schedule II.
On the basis of chemical properties, matter is classified as elements, compounds and mixtures. These are further categorized based on their other properties like reactivity, inflamability, combustion etc. The combination of different elements forms compounds, and when taken randomly it is known as a mixture.
Drug properties comprise the structural, physicochemical, biochemical, pharmaco*kinetic (PK), and toxicity characteristics of a compound.
DREs classify drugs in one of seven categories: central nervous system (CNS) depressants, CNS stimulants, hallucinogens, dissociative anesthetics, narcotic analgesics, inhalants, and cannabis.
A typical drug molecule consists of a combination of chemical rings, chains, and functional groups. Chemical rings represent an important portion of the drug structures.
What is chemical classification of crude drugs?
All the plants possess different characters of morphologi-cal, microscopical, chemical, embryological, serological and genetics. In this classification the crude drugs are classified according to kingdom, subkingdom, division, class, order, family, genus and species as follows.
Category 0 includes drugs or drug uses that prevent the development of a disease when none exists; Category I, those that affect etiologic factors of a disease; Category II, those that affect specific disease processes; Category III, those that affect specific disease manifestations; Category IV, those that affect non- ...
This classification provides medicinal chemists the drugs having the same mechanism of action on targets. Hence, it is the most useful to medicinal chemists.
- Narcotics/Painkillers.
- Stimulants.
- Depressants/Sedatives.
- Hallucinogens.
- Over-the-Counter.
Adderall is classified as a Schedule II controlled substance. It is therefore considered to have a significant risk for abuse and the development of physical dependence.
The majority of ADHD stimulant medications, such as dextroamphetamine-amphetamine (Adderall, Adderall XR), lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse), and methylphenidate (Ritalin), fall into the Schedule II category. They're legal, but they're considered dangerous because of their high risk of abuse and dependence.
Most class III drugs have a degree of reverse use dependence, with decreasing efficacy at high heart rates and increasing QT prolonging and proarrhythmic effects at low heart rates. Nonspecificity may improve the safety profile of class III drugs.
Schedule IV Controlled Substances
Examples of Schedule IV substances include: alprazolam (Xanax®), carisoprodol (Soma®), clonazepam (Klonopin®), clorazepate (Tranxene®), diazepam (Valium®), lorazepam (Ativan®), midazolam (Versed®), temazepam (Restoril®), and triazolam (Halcion®).
What Is Their Main Difference? Both are used to treat diseases. However, 'medicines' are mostly used for medication and are aimed at restoring mental and physical stability to a person. 'Drugs' refer to any kind of substance used to gain control over your body or your mind.
People can buy products classified as 'pharmacy medicines' ( P ) but only from a pharmacy and in the presence of a pharmacist. These medicines, also called 'pharmacy-only medicines', are not usually displayed on open shelves. A rectangular box enclosing the letter P appears on the packaging of pharmacy medicines.
What do you mean by chemical properties?
A chemical property is a characteristic of a substance that may be observed when it participates in a chemical reaction. Examples of chemical properties include flammability, toxicity, chemical stability, and heat of combustion.
Chemical properties, on the other hand, describe how a substance interacts with other substances and can provide clues about its identity. For example, its reactivity with acids, bases, or other chemicals can be indicative of its identity.
Chemical properties are properties that can be observed or measured when a substance undergoes a chemical change. Physical properties are properties that can be observed without bringing a chemical change. A chemical reaction needs to be conducted to show the property. No chemical reaction is needed here.
The most important properties of an ideal drug are: effectiveness, safety, and selectivity. If the drug is not effective, it should not be used. There is no such drug as safe drug: all drugs can cause harm. There is no such thing as selective drug: all drugs can cause side effects.
The chemical names are the scientific names, based on the molecular structure of the drug. There are various systems of chemical nomenclature and thus various chemical names for any one substance. The most important is the IUPAC name.
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